Arc-lamp.



B. FLEMING & E. J. GUAY.

ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.15, 1907. 1,()22,541 Patented Apr. 9, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witnesses: lnventor s Rfchurd Flemmg EmHeJ Guag Wu 422 7 by Y UNITED strAt insprgrnNfr OFFICE.

RICHARD FLEMING, F sWAMPsooT'r. eNn EMILE JUVGUAY, 0F LYNN, MASSACHU- SETTS, ASSIGNORS' TO YORK." I hf J i sachusetts, and EMILE J. Griilv, a. citizen of the United States, residing at Lynn, county of Esse X, State of hlassachusetts, have in.-

veiited certain new and useful Improvements in ..-\rc-Lamps of which the following is a specification. l

The present invention relates to electric are lamps and particularly to lamps having a luminous or flaming arc, and its ob ect. is

to improve the construction and operation of the same. In lamps of this type it is necessary to provide chimney and draft devices of some sort. Thus, it is common to have a chimney arranged above the arefor carrying away the fumes, together with a horizontal air duet for maintaining theoxygen supply within the globe and creating a, downdraft about the arc foi steadying.

it. It'SOIDQtlIUQS happens that the air duct tends to act as a, chimney for carrying away fumes instead of serving to create the desired down-draft.

One of the features of the present invention consists in a novel arrangement of air ducts whereby the air or gas in the air duct is given an impetus in the direction of the are when the lamp starts, thereb obviating the danger of currents b eingset up therein in the opposite direction.

Netwi hstandingthat extreme care may be exercised in providing for the reniO fl of the fumes in flaming or luminous are lamps, there is always danger that a portion at least of the fumes will condense on the interior of the globe and thereby cut-off part of the light. e I 3 Another feature of our invention consists in means for automatically keeping the interior oftlie globe clean during the operation of the lamp. I

The control of the air supply and the'disposition of the fumes require such careful "regulation that it lisnecessary to maintaii'r the are focused-at. given point in the globe in order that the relation between. the are and the air and "fume cont-rolling devices "may reniaii constant.

A'furthier' featureo-f-thev present invention relates toar. novel. feeding arrangement for Specification of Letters Patent.

' connections;

of the tube.

enNEnA E iioTnIe'ooMieA Y, A CORPORATION on NEW J ARC-LAMP.

Patented Apr.9, 1912. Application filed February, 15. 1907. Serial. No. 357.460.

the electrodes whereby the are lS'tllVVfi VS maintained in an approximately fixed position. p

.Tlie various features of novelty constituting our invention will be hereinafter particularlv pointed out in the claims. but for a full onderstandinoof the invention in its various aspects. reference is to-be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with. the accompanying drawings wherein- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a lamp arranged in accordance with a preferred form of our invention, the globe, casing. ind

reflector being removed to more clearly show the working-parts; Fig. 2 is an enlarged view showing a fragment of the lamp, particularlv the electrodes and the clutch niecha-' nisn'i; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section taken through the center of the. lamp; Fig.4 is

an inverted plan view of the platformof the lamp .Fig. 5 is a cross-section taken on line of Fig. tand at right angles to the plane. of Fig. and Fig. 6 is a diagram of Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a hood and 2 a platform which are connected togetl-ier by means of two elongated tubes 3 and 4-. The tubes may be scrcw-threaded to the hood and platform at their opposite ends. as well as the backbone of the lamp. They, in themselves,-fo'rm no part of the present invention. however, but are described and claimed in an application filed by C. A: B. Halvorson, Jr., on the 2nd. day of April, 1907, Serial No. 365,904. Between the chimneys is an electrode-receiving tube 53 which may also be screw-threaded into or other- :wise secured to the platform at its lower end.

6 and. Tare the. electrodes, the electrode 6 being arranged within the tube S and preferably carried by a holder 8. which has an elongated stem 8 projecting through the top to maintain its arcing end slightly below the lower end of the tubular member 9, which projects. downward from the platform and forms continiiationof the eleet 'ode-recei vjag t b An annular' fia-nge or wall x These tubes constitute twin chimneys The electrode 6, which is shown as being of the carbon type, is fed lntGI'ITUtZ- tently, as will be hereinafter described. so as projects downward from the lower face of theplatform to a point near the plane of the aroingp end of the upper electrode. .This flange isjfa-r enougg removed from the axis '61 the lampto'su round the lower ends of given oif by thev electrodesascend from which they are thencarried out of thei-lampthrough the twin chimneyspoint vabove the fume chambery These ducts, in conjunction with a heating chamber 11, to. be hereinafter. described, form continuous channels each Opening at one endv into the atmosphere and at the other end into .the top of the tubular member 9. The air-which fiows inward through these .channels is thus discharged downward through theelectrode-openingin the axial direction of and about the arc. When the lamp is started there is a tendency toward an upward flow of the hot gases from :the are through the electrode-opening, thereby causing the air channels to 'actas chimne s. This danger is avoided in the present lamp by causing an inward'flow to be posi- .tivelyv set up in the air channels at the time of starting. To this end the parts are so arranged that the'opening from the air chanv nelsinto the atmosphere-is from the bottom of the chamber ll 'wherein' the temperature of'the gases is raised slightly in starting the lamp, while the ductsl l open out of the top of this; chamber, so that the tendency of the gases between the lower end of the electrode- Opening and the heating chamber to flow out- -'ward is overcome by the inward tendencyset up in the heating chamber. The heating chamber may convemently be formed by ex tending the lower end 12 of the-lamp casing 13 past the platform and into proximity to a reflector 14: which is secured to lugs 10 projecting from the lower end of the wall .of the fume box by thumb screws 14', and passes outwardly and upwardly so as to leave but a narrow opening between the ver- 'tical portion 15 thereof and the edge of the I casing. Thus the heating chamber wholly surrounds the fume boxand the heated gases therein rise into the air ducts 11 leading fromthe top thereof and cause air to flow in atthe. bottom about the lower edge of the casing. The only outlet forthe gases enteris down through the tube 9 around the edge 'of the same and up into the chimneys, and' therefore a downdraft is positively started past the lower end of the upper elect and the air inlet made to serve its intended function in a reliable manner.

.tha'chimneys, thus forming with the menr. benQ} afumebbx or chamber into which the- A down-draft is produced about the are It will be seen that.

ing the ducts 11 from the heating chamber 60 rode,

.The reflector is made to close the upper endof the lamp globe 16 and is provided with a series of openings 17 arranged about the edge thereof. All of the air required by the lampis not fed through the air channels described, but a portion passes downward through the openings 1? in the reflector and along the interior face. of. the globe toward the bottom-thereof. In this way it will be seen thatthe fumes which might otherwise collecton the globe are -blown away. and such matter as is actually condensed is carried to the bottom of the globe. T herefore.

as longas the lan'ipdiurns, the interior of the globe is automatically kept clean.

'In order that the down-draft may properlyserve its function as a means for steady ing the'arci it is necessary that the electrodes be'so fed that the arc remains in a practically fixed relation to-the lower end of the outlet for the down-draft. \Vhere both of the electrodes are consuming, as illustrated, the feedingv may conveniently be accomplished by moving the lower electrode at eaclr feeding operation until' its arcing end reaches a predetermined point and then permitting the upper electrode to drop by gravity into engagement with the lower electrode and to-be then held while the lower electrode drops to strike the are. To this end the upper electrode is controlled by means of a simple clutch 18 which acts upon the stem of the electrode holder. The clutch may conveniently be pivoted-at one. end, as at l9,':at the upper end of the electrode-receiying tube 5. and be controlled by means of'a downwardly projecting stem 19 having at its lower end a finger 20 which insulated from the clutch 18 by a member 19 interposed in the stem 19 and which is arranged adjacent to and projects slightly beneath the lower end of the tube 9. The parts are so arranged that normally the clutch acts upon the stem of the upper electrode-holder to sustain the upper electrode, lVhen the tripping finger is pressed upward, 'howeven the clutch is released and permits the upper electrode to drop. The tripping ispreferably efi ected. by means of the lower electrode which, when it is moved upward, is also given a lateral movement; so that when it is in its extreme upper position it engages not only the upperv electrode but also the lower edge of the tube 9 and the end of the tripping finger. Thus the tube acts as a stop to limit the upward morement of the-lower electrode whenthe clutch is released, and therefore. the upper electrode always drops until its arcing end reaches a predetermined point.

The means for operating the lower electrode may take any suitable form. In the. arrangement shown the lower electrode is supported upon a hollow rod 21 which pro larly,

on from the lamp chimney 4 by means of a bracket 23. Engaging with the member 21.

are two clutches 24 and 25, the first being the lifting clutch and the second the holding clutch. The lifting clutch is controlled by the feeding magnet 26 in theusual way: as

by means of a stem 27 which is connected at one end to the clutch and at the other end to the armature 28 of the magnet. The stem of the'liftin'g clutch passes througha curved guide 29, so arranged that, when the feeding magnet is energized and attracts its armature, raising the clutch and with it the holder for the lower electrode, the clutch and holder are also given a turning move- }[ment, whereby, as the lower electrode is "lifted, it is also swung laterallyabout its supporting rod as an axis. This operation 'isclearly shown in Fig. 2, wherein the fu1llines showthe parts in the positions which they occupy just before feeding occurs. In the dotted lines the parts are shown in the positions which they occupy after the lower electrode has been lifted into engagement with the lower end of the tube 9. At this time the clutch 18 has been released and the upper electrode has'been forcediipward until its arcing end is level with the lower end of the tube,assuming that it previously extended below the end of this tube. Simiif the upper electrode had been burned away so far as to have brought its arcing cnd above the lower end of the tube, upon the release of the clutch 18, it would have dropped into engagement with the lower electrode, so as to bring its arcing end, as before, in the plane. of the lower end'of the tube 9. The arrangement of parts is such that when the electrodes are brought together, the feeding magnet is deenergized and the lower electrode is permitted to drop. As the arcing end of the lower electrode gradually recedes from the lower end of the tube 9, the upper electrode and the tripping finger of the clutch follow until such a point is reached that the holding clutch on the upper electrode resumes its grip and prevents further downward movement of that electrode. continues its downward movement until the proper arc length is obtained. The downward. movement of the lower electrode is controlled through the holding clutch '25 which is of the usual floating form, sur

- rounding the rod 21 at one end and having The lower electrode the clutch so that the electrode holder may continue its upward movement. When the electromagnet is deenergized, however, and the lower electrode begins to fall, the holding clutch is again carried downward, away from the stop 31,

until it is brought to rest upon the second stop 32. the electrode-supporting rod, the lower electrode is also brought to rest when the holding clutch reaches the lower stop 32. An inclined or curved guide 33 is provided for the holding clutch so that, as the; lower electrode descends, it ispositively rotated into alinement' with the upper electrode by reason of the cooperation between the guide and the holding clutch.

The" electrical connections may be the same as those'in an application filed in the name of Richard Fleming and Cromwell A. B. Halvorson, J12, May 1, 1905, Serial No.

258,214, and these connections will, therefore, be only briefly described. In addition to the main electromagnet 26, there are two other auxiliary magnets: a magnet 34 having a series coil, and a second magnet 35 having a shunt coil. Magnet 34; controls one of. cooperating contacts 36 and 37, and the magnet 35 controls the other of these con tacts. The coils of the magnets 26 and are connected in series with each other directly across the line. (See Fig. 6.) The contacts 36 and 37 control a shunt about the coil of magnet 35, so that when these contacts are in engagement the main magnet is connected directly across the line. When no current is flowing and both coils 34 and 35 are denergized, the contacts 36 and 37 are in engagement with each other. Then, when current is turned on the lamp, magnet 26 is energized and lifts the lower electrode into engagement with the upper electrode. Current thereupon flows through the electrode in series withthe coil of magnet This latter magnet, being now energized, lifts contact 36 out of engagement with contact 37 and, by reason of the high resistance of coil 35, which is now the only path through which current can flow to the magnet 26, this latter magnet no longer remains operatively energized, and allows the lower electrode to drop in the manner described. 'As the lamp continues to burn, the current flowing through the coils of magnets 26 and 35increases until the latter is energized sulficiently to lift the contact 3'7into engage ment with the contact 36, whereupon magnet 26 is again operatively energized and effects another feeding operation. I

Vhile we have described in detail only Since the clutch is now gripping one preferred form of our invention ema nip. we wish bodied in but a single type of l it to be understood that the ""tl features of our invention. may take various forms and heemhcdied in various typesof lamps,

' and laterally to bring its arcing end into enas will be evident from the following definition constituting the several claims.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is, a

.1. In an arc lamp, a pair of electrodes, a controlling device for one of the electrodes arranged at one side thereof, and means for moving the other electrode toward the f rst electrode and latei-allv therefrom into engagement with said controlling device.

2. In an arc lamp, a pair of electrodes, a stop adjacent the end of one of said electrodes, a controlling device for the latter electrode arranged adjacent to the stop, and

means for moving the other electrode into engagement with said stop and with said controlling device.

3. In an arc lamp, a pair of electrodes, a controlling device for one of the electrodes and a stop arranged in proximity to the. lower end of the latter electrode, and means for operating the other electrode in the path of the first electrode so as to bring its arcing end into engagement with the stop and said controlling device.

4. In an arc lamp, a pair of electrodes, a clutch for one of'said electrodes, a tripping finger for the clutch arranged beside the latter electrode, and means for moving the other electrode toward the first electrode gagement with said tripping finger.

5. In an arc lamp, a gravity-actuated electrode. a;second electrode, a controlling device for said gravity-actuated electrode extending adjacent the arcing end thereof, and means for moving said second electrode toward the other electrode and laterally so as to bring its arcing end into engagement with said controlling device. I

6. In an arc lamp, a gravity'actuated electrode, a-sccond electrode, a controlling device for said gravity-actuated electrode extending adjacent the arcing end thereof, a stop adjacent the controlling device, and means for moving the said second elect-rode toward the other electrode and laterally so as to bring its arcing end into engagement '\vith=said stop and said controlling device.

7. In an arc lamp, a pair of electrodes arranged in alinement with each other, a controlling device for one of said electrodes arranged at one side thereof and near its 1 arcing end, and means for moving the other electrode to 'ardthe first electrode and laterally so as to bring its arcing end into engagement with said controlling device.

In an arc lamp, a pair of electrodes arranged in alinement with each other, a controlling device arranged 'at one side of and close to the arcing end of one of the elec-- trodes, and means for'moving the other electrode toward. the first'electrode andalsof laterally a distance sufficient) to bring its arcing end into engagement with said controlling device but not sufiicient to remove it from the path of the first electrode.

9. In an arc. lamp, a platform, an electrode-receiving tube above said platform, an electrode 'and electrode-holder arranged within said tube, a clutch controlling the movement of said holder, a tripping finger extending from said clutch through the platform, a second electrode beneath said platform, and means for moving said second electrode toward the other electrode and laterally so as to bring its arcing end into engagementwith said tripping finger.

10. In an arc lamp, a gravity actuated electrode, a holding clutch therefor, a tripping member for said clutch insulated from the clutch and electrode, a second electrode. and. means arranged to lift the latter and .move it into engagement with the tripping member and the first electrode and then per mit it to drop a predetermined distance.

11. In an arc lamp, electrodes, a chimney arranged above the arcing ends of the electrodes to carry away the arc fumes, and an air channel leading from the exterior of the lamp to a point adjacent'the arcing ends of the electrodes, said channel having a heating chamber intermediate its outer ends.

12. In an arc lamp, electrodes, a chimney arranged above the arcing ends of the electrodes to carry away the arc fumes, and an air channel leading from the exterior of the lamp to a point adjacent the arcing'ends of the electrodes and having an enlarged in' tcrmediate portion forming a heating chamher.

153. In an arc lamp, an electrode, a mem.

her having an enlarged electrode-opening surrounding the lower end of said electrode, a fume box surrounding said member, a chimney leading from said fume box, an 'air channel arranged above said fume box and opening into said electrode-opening at one end, said channel having a heating chamber intermediate its ends and opening into the atmospherefrom the bottom of said chamber.

M. In an arc lamp, electrodes, a chimney arranged above the arcing ends of said electrodes to carry away the arc fumes. a heating chamber having an opening into the atmosphere-near its lower end, and an air duct leading from said heating chamber to a point adjacent the arcing ends of the electrodes. H

15. In an arelam-p; an electrode, a member having an enlarged electrode-opening which si'irrounds the electrode near its lower end, a fume box surrounding said member, a chnnnev leading upward from said fume box, an air duct arranged above said fume box and opening into the top of said elecf trode opening, and a heating chamber sur'.

rounding said fume box and connected. to

:aid duct, said heat-ingchamber having an opening leading into the atmosphere from its lower end. I

16.111 an arc lamp, an electrode, a memberhaving an enlarged electrode-opening surrounding the electrode near its lower end, 1 a fume box surrounding said member, al chimney leading from said fume box, a heating chamber surrounding said fume box, said heating chamber opening into the atmosphere near its lower end and having a connection from its upper end with the top of said electrode-opening.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands this twelfth day of February, 15 1907. I

RICHARD FLEMING. EMILE J. GUAY.

Witnesses JOHN A; MoMANUs, J12, I'IENRY O. VVESTENDARP. 

